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Vitamins and what they need to know

A, C, b, E, D, K... At first glance it could be mistaken for a number of ordinary alphabetical letters, is given in a chaotic manner, in fact, refers to certain organic substances called vitamins (from the Latin vita — "life"), which are a kind of building blocks of the human body. These chemicals in small doses are needed for normal growth and development, as well as the implementation of productive human life. They help the absorption of nutrients, involved in the process of growth of bone and muscle tissue, promote energy metabolism in the cells, healing of wounds.

Those who are skeptical about taking vitamins, deeply mistaken in this regard. They are essential for every person to maintain and preserve health. Suffice it to recall, for example, that in the olden days for sailors with a terrible disease was scurvy, which kills almost a third of the crew during long sea voyages. As people were deprived of vegetables and fruits rich in vitamins, particularly vitamin C, which was a simple cure for the terrible disease. Unlike plants, fungi and bacteria, the human body is in the process of metabolism does not synthesize these organic elements, and so, getting vitamins needs to happen from the outside.

What is the way of vitamins from food to humans?

The mechanism of transport of vitamins, maintaining them and removing excess from the body depends on to which category they belong to. Are vitamins water soluble and fat soluble.

The first group includes: vitamin C and eight b vitamins, and each of them assigns a special role in the body. All these vitamins are present in the cell SAP of cereals, vegetables and fruits, have a rather simple mechanism of transport. That is, they immediately fall into the blood from digested food, because the plasma is not that other, as an aqueous solution, which is ideal for delivery of vitamins C and In in any area of the body.

The second category is vitamins, soluble in fats contained in the milk and butter and vegetable oil. They can not direct way to get into the bloodstream. Therefore, fat-soluble vitamins, getting from the stomach into the intestine, are absorbed into the wall. This is possible through the process of emulsification of fats bile acids which included in the bile produced by the liver. To transport these vitamins to the blood plasma is not suitable, and the process is carried out by special transport proteins – they carry essential substances into the bloodstream, and from there the vitamins, the way is open throughout the body.

Depending on the classification of vitamins water or fat solubleis defined as the way of contact with blood and methods of maintaining and excretion from the body. Most water-soluble vitamins relatively quickly into the blood as quickly and eliminated by the kidneys. So rich in such vitamins daily food should be present in the diet.

Fat-soluble vitamins accumulate in the liver and adipose tissue is a kind of natural storage for their preservation and for the need to release. Therefore, constant intake of these vitamins is not mandatory, and sometimes even harmful if the pantries are fully engaged.

Functions of vitamins

Many vitamins come in the formation of coenzymes, without which assimilation enzymes nutrients would be simply impossible. Such vitamins are those which are included in the group, in addition they contribute to the optimal use of energy.

When taking vitamin C strengthens the immune system and increases production of the protein collagen, which is vital for the growth of bones, teeth and healing wounds.

With the participation of vitamin A is production of lymphocytes. He is also partly responsible for the process of formation of bone tissue, strengthens vision due to the fact that is present in the visual pigment of the retina.

Vitamin Ehaving antioxidant properties, helps neutralize substances that are potentially dangerous for cells.

Vitamin D promotes good absorption of phosphorus and calcium for the formation and growth of bones.

It is also important to mention vitamin K, which is involved in the synthesis of blood coagulation factors. Without it, even the most minor scratch could lead to large blood loss, can result in death.

The presence of a variety of vitamins in food is a guarantee that the person will not have to deal with the syndromes caused by a deficiency or absence of, for example, fatigue, heart disease, or partial paralysis, as well as diseases such as rickets, scurvy, and many others. However, excessive adoption of b vitamins can cause severe poisoning, and therefore a different kind of talk about the need shock doses not stand up to scrutiny. Only with moderate use of vitamins is a complete absorption in the human body.

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